Introduction
Living or spending life with a chronic illness can be very challenging, especially when people never hear of it. Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome or we can also say POTS, is one such of the chronic illness that people never heard. Actually it’s a form of autonomic nervous system, and it affects millions of people worldwide. Most of the people in the world do not know about this disease. So, the aim of writing this blog is to make people aware about Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome, its symptoms and effective management strategies to improve the quality of life.
No matter if you have recently been diagnosed with POTS, or you may have suspects, or you are curious about knowing it, this comprehensive and detailed guide will provide you complete information that you need. We will cover everything from the basics of POTS practical tips for managing daily life with this condition.
What is POTS?
Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome (POTS) is a medical illness that affects the autonomic nervous system. Autonomic nervous system controls involuntary bodily functions like blood pressure, heart rate and digestion. The people with POTS, have to face a great difficulty in regulating blood flow properly, especially when moving from lying down to a standing position. This leads to a rapid increase in heart rate and a variety of the symptoms.
This disease is also known as “invisible illness” because its symptoms are not always visible to others.
Common symptoms of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome
The main symptoms of POTS can vary widely from person to person, but there are some common things that we can describe below:
- Rapid heart rate: Actually in this condition there is a sudden increase in the heart rate when the people stand from lying. In this condition, there are almost 30 beats per minute exceeding within 10 minutes of standing.
- Dizziness: In POTS, people feel faint or unsteady.
- Fatigue: Fatigue is the most common symptom of POTS. There is an overwhelming tiredness in this condition that does not even improve with unlimited rest.
- Brain fog: People face great difficulty in concentrating. There is a great memory problem with mental charity issues in this condition.
- Headaches or migraines: There is a frequent headache in POTS. This headache or migraine is intense and often triggered by changes in posture.
- Nausea and digestive issues: Nausea and digestive issues are also the main symptoms of POTS. People face stomach pain, bloating and irregular bowel movements.
- Shortness of breath: People face great difficulty in breathing especially during physical activities.
- Chest pain: Chest pain also comes among the symptoms of this disease. There is an unexplained and unexpected chest pain or discomfort and tightness.
- Temperature regulation problems: The temperature of the body doesn’t maintain. Sometimes there is an excessive sweating from the body and sometimes feeling unusually hot or cold.
- Sleep disturbance: People with this condition can sometimes face great difficulty in sleeping and if they sleep they face difficulty in staying asleep.
These symptoms can range from mild to severe and may fluctuate over time.
Causes and risk factors
Now we discuss the causes and risk factors of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome. Actually the exact cause of POTS is still not fully understood, but researchers believe it may be linked to a combination of factors. Now, let’s discuss these factors.
- Autoimmune disorders: Some researchers and studies suggest that Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome may be triggered by an autoimmune response.
- Viral infections: Viral infections like COVID-19 and many other infections have been linked to the onset of POTS.
- Genetic history: If someone has a family history of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome or any other autoimmune disorders then the risk increases to a great extent.
- Trauma or surgery: Physical trauma or major surgery can also increase the risk of POTS to a great extent.
- Hormonal changes: Hormonal changes of women like puberty, pregnancy and menopause may increase or trigger the symptoms.
From this we know that Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome is more common in women than men. However, it can affect people of all ages and backgrounds.
Diagnosing POTS
Diagnosing Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome can be challenging its symptoms overlap with many other conditions. If you suspect that you have this illness then firstly you have to consult with a healthcare professional who have a specialization in autonomic disorders. The process of diagnosis typically involves:
- Tilt Table Test: This test is known as gold standard for diagnosing POTS. During this test, you have to lie on a table that tilts you upright while your heart rate and blood pressure are monitored.
- Active stand test: It is the simple version of the tilt table test. In this test, your heart rate and blood pressure are measured while you move from lying down to a standing position.
- Blood tests: Blood tests can also be done to suspect Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome. This rules out other conditions like anemia or thyroid disorders.
- Heart monitoring: Heart monitoring can also be done to diagnose Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome. An electrocardiogram which is also known as an ECG can be done to assess heart function.
Once your illness is diagnosed, your doctor will work with you to develop a powerful treatment plan.
Living with POTS: daily challenges
Living with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome can feel like a constant balancing act. A simple task can become overwhelming in this condition. A very simple and easy task like standing in line, taking a shower, or even getting out of bed can become very difficult. Now, we discuss the main daily challenges faced by people with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome.
- Physical limitations: People with POTS can face great difficulties in performing daily life activities due to fatigue and dizziness.
- Social isolation: The unpredictability of symptoms of Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome can lead to the cancellation of plans. Thus, there are feelings of loneliness.
- Emotional strain: Managing a chronic illness can take a toll on mental health, leading to anxiety and depression.
- Financial burden: Frequent medical treatments and appointments can be very costly.
Managing POTS: Tips and strategies
While there is no proper treatment or cure for Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome, there are many ways to manage its symptoms and improve the quality of life. Now, we will discuss some practical tips for managing this illness.
1. Stay hydrated
- Staying hydrated is one of the most effective tips for managing Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome.
- You should drink plenty of water throughout the day.
- You may also add electrolytes to your water that help you maintain blood volume.
2. Increase salt intake
- Salt is a great source for retaining water and increasing blood pressure, which has the ability to reduce symptoms.
- Before making changes to your diet you must consult with your doctor.
3. Wear compression garments
- Wear compression garments like compression socks or abdominal binders which help improve blood flow. In addition to improving blood flow these garments also have the ability to reduce dizziness.
4. Exercise regularly
- Low impact exercises like swimming and yoga can help strengthen your cardiovascular system.
- Start exercising slowly and gradually increase the intensity.
- Before starting exercise you must consult with a physical therapist.
5. Practice pacing
- You must do your work by breaking into smaller tasks and manageable steps to avoid fatigue and overexertion.
- Always listen to your body and rest when needed.
6. Elevate your head while sleeping
- If you sleep with your head slightly elevated then it can help reduce morning dizziness.
7. Manage stress
- You must manage your stress during Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome.
- Practice relaxation techniques like deep breathing, meditation or mindfulness to manage stress.
- If the stress is intense then you must consider therapy by counselling to address emotional changes.
8. Medication
- Take medicines according to your health care professional.
- Your doctor may prescribe medicine to help manage symptoms. Some medicines include beta-blockers, and midodrine. Must consult with your doctor before taking medicine.
9. Build a support network
- Connect with other people who have Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome through group or online communities.
- Educate your family and friends about your condition so they can better understand and support you.
Conclusion
Living with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome is challenging, but with the right strategies and support it is possible to lead a fulfilling life. By understanding your symptoms, making lifestyle adjustments, and seeking appropriate medical care, you can take control of your health and improve your quality of life.
If you are someone you know is living with Postural Orthostatic Tachycardia Syndrome, remember that you are not alone. There is a growing community of people who understand what you are going through and are here to support you.